Keywords
ball milling
bioimaging
carbon quantum dots
conductive carbon black
sodium carbonate
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with an average diameter of 3 nm, exhibiting blue photoluminescence, have been obtained from commercial conductive carbon black by a cost-effective and straightforward exfoliation method using dry ball milling in the presence of sodium carbonate. As a secondary abrasive medium, sodium carbonate provides effective exfoliation of carbon black with a high degree of CQD graphitization and plays an essential role in the functionalization of CQDs with oxygen groups. Due to the low toxicity of CQDs against HeLa cancer cells (cell viability above 90% at a CQD concentration of 200 μg cm−3) and the ability to penetrate cells and emit blue light, CQDs are possibly suitable for biological imaging of cells.
References
1.
Xu X., Ray R., Gu Y., Ploehn H.J., Gearheart L., Raker K., Scrivens W.A.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
2004
2.
Xiao L., Sun H.
Nanoscale Horizons,
2018
3.
Bacon M., Bradley S.J., Nann T.
Particle and Particle Systems Characterization,
2013
4.
Shen J., Zhu Y., Yang X., Li C.
Chemical Communications,
2012
5.
Lu H., Li W., Dong H., Wei M.
Small,
2019
6.
7.
Ding H., Yu S., Wei J., Xiong H.
ACS Nano,
2015
8.
Bradley S.J., Kroon R., Laufersky G., Röding M., Goreham R.V., Gschneidtner T., Schroeder K., Moth-Poulsen K., Andersson M., Nann T.
Microchimica Acta,
2017
9.
Pan D., Zhang J., Li Z., Wu M.
Advanced Materials,
2010
10.
Ye R., Xiang C., Lin J., Peng Z., Huang K., Yan Z., Cook N.P., Samuel E.L., Hwang C., Ruan G., Ceriotti G., Raji A.O., Martí A.A., Tour J.M.
Nature Communications,
2013
11.
Lu J., Yang J., Wang J., Lim A., Wang S., Loh K.P.
ACS Nano,
2009
12.
Dong Y., Chen C., Zheng X., Gao L., Cui Z., Yang H., Guo C., Chi Y., Li C.M.
Journal of Materials Chemistry A,
2012
13.
Li D., Jing P., Sun L., An Y., Shan X., Lu X., Zhou D., Han D., Shen D., Zhai Y., Qu S., Zbořil R., Rogach A.L.
Advanced Materials,
2018
14.
Han Y., Chen Y., Wang N., He Z.
Materials Technology,
2018
15.
10.1016/j.mencom.2021.09.018_b0075
Alinejad
Mater. Lett.,
2017
16.
Wang L., Chen X., Lu Y., Liu C., Yang W.
Carbon,
2015
17.
Photoluminescence of carbon dots prepared by ball milling and their application in Hela cell imaging
Ge L., Hu G., Shi B., Guo Q., Li L., Zhao L., Li J.
Applied Physics A: Materials Science and Processing,
2019
18.
Youh M., Jiang M., Chung M., Tai H., Li Y.
Inorganic Chemistry Communication,
2020
19.
Lin J., Tsai Y., Dehvari K., Huang C., Chang J.
Nanoscale,
2019
20.
Li M., Chen T., Gooding J.J., Liu J.
ACS Sensors,
2019
21.
Kang S., Kim K.M., jung K., Son Y., Mhin S., Ryu J.H., Shim K.B., Lee B., Han H., Song T.
Scientific Reports,
2019
22.
Xing T., Ramireddy T., Li L.H., Gunzelmann D., Zeng H., Qi W., Zhou S., Chen Y.
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics,
2015
23.
One-step extraction of highly fluorescent carbon quantum dots by a physical method from carbon black
Han B., Yu M., Pen T., Li Y., Hu X., Xiang R., Hou X., He G.
New Journal of Chemistry,
2017
24.
Hu S., Wei Z., Chang Q., Trinchi A., Yang J.
Applied Surface Science,
2016
25.
Lu L., Zhu Y., Shi C., Pei Y.T.
Carbon,
2016
26.
10.1016/j.mencom.2021.09.018_b0130
Zhu
Graphene Science Handbook: Mechanical and Chemical Properties,
2016
27.
10.1016/j.mencom.2021.09.018_b0135
Gao
Chem. Eng. J.,
2020